In veterinary medicine, our understanding of vaccines has come a long way. What used to be an automatic, annual routine is now being reconsidered through a more evidence-based lens. Many vets—myself included—are moving away from one-size-fits-all vaccine schedules.
Core vaccines like canine DAPP (also called DHPP) and feline RCP create long-lasting immune responses. After the initial puppy or kitten series and an adult booster, most pets don’t need annual revaccination. Studies show protection often lasts three years or more—and leading organizations like AAHA and WSAVA agree.
Here’s where I may part ways with some colleagues: I believe over-vaccination is still common. Many clients are surprised when I recommend discontinuing certain risk-based vaccines that previous veterinarians insisted were essential—especially for pets with minimal exposure. The reality is, vaccines are sometimes used as “practice builders,” particularly in corporate settings where frequent visits drive revenue. And while most pets tolerate vaccines well, side effects can and do occur.
Let me be clear: I am not a vaccine skeptic. I believe core vaccines, given on time, are essential. Mild reactions—like temporary lethargy, swelling, or reduced appetite—occur in about 3 out of every 1,000 cases and can often be managed with a diphenhydramine (Benadryl) injection. True serious reactions, such as anaphylaxis, are extremely rare. I administer 10 to 20 vaccines daily and may see only one or two serious reactions per year. Still, we owe it to our patients to vaccinate with intention—not just out of habit.
For dogs, I recommend staying current on DAPP and rabies. Distemper and parvovirus are among the most dangerous infectious diseases in dogs, and protecting my patients from them is non-negotiable. If a dog is unvaccinated for rabies and bitten by wildlife, public health laws may mandate euthanasia—yes, it’s that serious. Bordetella, Leptospirosis, and Influenza are considered risk-based vaccines in California and should be discussed with your veterinarian based on lifestyle.
I still see some clinics recommending Bordetella every six months—a practice about 30 years out of date. AAHA guidelines support yearly vaccination for at-risk dogs, and anything more frequent starts to feel like over-vaccination. If your vet recommends it every six months, it’s fair to ask why.
For cats, the decision is more nuanced. Indoor-only cats may not need frequent vaccines, though I still recommend FVRCP and rabies in case they escape. FeLV is best reserved for outdoor cats or households that frequently foster or adopt.
At Paw Priority, we vaccinate thoughtfully: boost when needed, skip when safe, and offer titers when questions arise. This isn’t about doing less—it’s about doing better.
Dr. Ezra Ameis is an emergency veterinarian and the owner of Paw Priority in West Hollywood, a clinic providing general practice, urgent care, and acupuncture. To suggest a topic or ask a pet-related question, email hello@pp.vet.